Rabindra Ratan Ph.D.

Rabindra Ratan

Professor and AT&T Endowed Chair

Department
  • Media & Information
rar@msu.edu
‪(727) 537-6229‬

Bio

Rabindra (Robby) Ratan (CV) is Professor and AT&T Endowed Chair at Michigan State University’s Department of Media and Information as well as Director of the Social and Psychological Approaches to Research on Technology-Interaction Effects (SPARTIE) Lab. He is also an affiliated faculty member of the MSU Department of Psychology, the MSU College of Education’s program in Educational Psychology and Educational Technology, and the MSU Center for Gender in a Global Context. He received his Ph.D. from USC’s Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, his M.A. in Communication from Stanford University, and his B.A. in Science, Technology and Society, also from Stanford University.

Dr. Ratan conducts social and psychological research on the effects of human-technology interaction, focusing on how media technologies (e.g., XR/VR/AR/MR, avatars, video games, agents/AI) influence meaningful outcomes (e.g., equity, well-being, motivation) across societal contexts (e.g., education, health, industry). He is particularly interested in the Proteus effect (i.e., avatar characteristics influencing user behaviors), human-AI interaction, gender stereotypes in gaming, and virtual meetings. In addition to conducting research on these phenomena, he has also been teaching all of his MSU classes in virtual reality since 2022.

Dr. Ratan has authored over 80 peer-reviewed articles in publication venues such as Media Psychology, the Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Communication Research, Computers in Human Behavior, Games and Culture, New Media & Society, Computers & Education, the International Journal of Communication, and SIGCHI. He has received grant funding from the National Science Foundation, the Superior Health Foundation, non-profit organizations, and technology companies, such as Spin Mobility (Ford Motor Company) and Techsmith, Inc. 

Dr. Ratan regularly teaches his classes in virtual reality—students who do not own a VR headset borrow one for the semester from Dr. Ratan’s lab—and his students resoundingly prefer this method over traditional online teaching platforms. He has received multiple teaching awards, including the 2017 MSU Teacher-Scholar Award and the 2015 & 2023 MSU AT&T Instructional Technology Award, he was a 2014-2015 MSU Lilly Teaching Fellow, and he adopts an inclusive and non-traditional approach to teaching (e.g., academic raps, skateboard in class, teaching philosophy). He has held leadership roles in his field (e.g., the International Communication Association), helped organize global conferences (e.g., Meaningful Play), and served as peer-reviewer for over 60 academic journals and proceedings. His lab outreach/production team, SPARTIE-Lab Productions, produces a podcast and edutainment videos relating to the lab’s research. Dr. Ratan has also written opinion pieces for Wired Magazine and The Conversation, and his work has received international media coverage in news outlets such as National Public Radio, the Canadian Broadcasting Company, and the Washington Post.

Dr. Ratan is also founder of the Meaningful XR conference, the MSU XR Co-op, and the MSU Silicon Valley Field Experience. 

For more info, please see his CV or Google Scholar pages.

Courses

MI101: Understanding Media (undergraduate)

MI299/MI401: Understanding Virtual Reality Experiences (undergraduate) -- Taught in Virtual Reality

MI401: Avatar Psychology (undergraduate) -- Taught in Virtual Reality

MI401: Understanding Future Media: Reflections in the Black Mirror (undergraduate)

MI960: Media & Technology (Ph.D.)

UGS200H: Video Game Impacts: Play with Meaning (honors undergraduate)

CAS 496: Hip-Hop, Communication & Society (undergraduate)

Roles

Professor and AT&T Endowed Chair
Dept. of Media & Information
College of Communication Arts & Sciences
Michigan State University

Director
Social and Psychological Approaches to Research on Technology-Interaction Effects (SPARTIE) Lab.

Affiliate Faculty
Department of Psychology
College of Social Sciences, MSU

Affiliate Faculty 
Ed Psychology and Ed Technology Program
College of Education, MSU

Core Faculty
Center for Gender in Global Context
International Studies & Programs, MSU

Research and Teaching

Proteus Effect (theory, application, expansion), Avatars, Agents, Media use in transportation technology (e.g, autonomous vehicles, escooters), Virtual Reality, Video Games, Education Technology, Stereotype Threat, Media Effects, Education and Health Outcomes

Thematic Research Areas
Research Centers and Labs
Selected Publications:

Ratan, R., Lin, Q., Lim, C., Park, R., Lover, A., Han, E., Jang, D., Leith, A.P., Bailenson, J.N. (2025). Time Matters in VR: Students Benefit from Longer VR Class Duration, but Certain Outcomes Decline After 45 Minutes, with Large Individual Variance. Computers & Education, 105328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105328 (read full paper)

Ratan, R., Miller, D.B., Bailenson, J.N., (2021). Facial Appearance Dissatisfaction Explains Differences in Zoom Fatigue. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 25(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2021.0112 (find full paper)

Gambino, A., Fox, J., & Ratan, R. (2020). Building a Stronger CASA: Extending the Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm. Human-Machine Communication, 1, 71-86. https://doi.org/10.30658/hmc.1.5 (full paper)

Ratan, R., Beyea, D., Li, B., & Graciano, L. (2020). Avatar Characteristics Induce Users’ Behavioral Conformity with Small-to-Medium Effect Sizes: A Meta-Analysis of the Proteus Effect, Media Psychology, 23(5), 651-675. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2019.1623698 (read paper)

Huang, K.T., Ball, C., Francis, J., Ratan, R., Boumis, J., & Fordham, J. (2019). Augmented Versus Virtual Reality in Education: An Exploratory Study Examining Science Knowledge Retention When Using Augmented Reality/Virtual Reality Mobile Applications. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(2), 105-110. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0150 (paper)

Ratan, R. & Dawson, M (2016). When Mii is Me:  A psychophysiological examination of avatar self-relevance. Communication Research, 43(8), 1065-1093. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215570652 (full paper here)

Ratan, R., Taylor, N., Hogan, J., Kennedy, T.L.M., & Williams, D. (2015). Stand by your Man: An examination of gender disparity in League of Legends. Games and Culture, 10(5), 438-462. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555 (Read full paper here)

Ratan, R. & Sah, Y.J. (2015). Leveling Up on Stereotype Threat: The role of avatar customization and avatar embodiment. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 367-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.010 (find full paper here)

Recent Awards:

MSU IT AT&T Excellence in Teaching with Technology Award, 2023, for courses taught in virtual reality (Understanding Virtual Reality Experiences and Avatar Psychology). https://tech.msu.edu/news/2023/04/faculty-across-campus-recognized-for-excellence-in-teaching-with-technology/ 

MSU Teacher Scholar award, 2017, awarded annually to six members of the tenure system faculty for their devotion to and skill in teaching.  https://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2017/01/2017-teacher-scholar-awards

MSU AT&T Award for Best Blended Course, 2015. TC401-731: Science Fiction, Communication & Technology. http://attawards.msu.edu/winners/2015/tc-401-731

MSU Lilly Teaching Fellow, 2014-2015. Fellowship recognizing teaching excellence and providing support for research on the scholarship of teaching and learning.

Contact Information

404 Wilson Rd.
Communication Arts and Sciences Building
Michigan State University